Vane type hydraulic motor



Apri! 28, 1953 o. E. RasAEN VANE TYPE HYDRAULIC MOTOR 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 28, 1949 INVENTOR. OSCAR E. ROSAEN BY- ATTORNEYS Aprii 28, i953 o. E. RQsAEN vm mn Hynmuuc uoToR 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed lay 28, 1949 INVENTOR.

OSCAR E. ROSAEN BY @mai ATTORNEYS April 28, 1953 o. E; ROSAEN 2,536,481

vm: TYPE mamme uo'roR Filed lay 28. 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 E Fls.

INVENTOR.

OSCAR EROSAEN JMJ- ATTORNEYS April 28, 1953 o. E. RosAEN 2,636,481

VANE TYPE HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed lay 28, 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 24F ",I 24F 24H 24A 24D 24B FIG.6 F|G.7. l Y 24,6

24E I 24K/1 l 24E 24A JNVENToR.

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ATTORNEYS April 28, 1953 o. E. RosAEN 2,336,481

vANE TYPE HYDRAULC MOTOR Filed lay 28, 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. OSCAR E. ROSAEN ATTOR NEYS Patented Apr. 28, 1953 UNITED sTATEs PATENT oFFicE Oscar E. Rosaen, Detroit, Mich., assignor, by direct and mesne assignments, to The New York Air Brake Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application May 2s, 1949seria1No. 96,020

. 3 Claims. l

The present invention relates to hydraulic motors and specifically to hydraulic motors of the vane type and has among its objects the provision of a motor having means to control the vane movement.

Another object is to provide means for controlling vane movement in and out and in either direction of movement of the rotor of such motors. y

Still other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the motor as if on line l-I of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial longitudinal central section showing a different form of control valve.

Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of the rotor face of one of the now directing plates.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a section on line '1 -1 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the motor ring.

Fig. 9 is a View in elevation of the valve of Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of the vanes.

Fig. 11 is a detail of the construction shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 12 is a partial section on the line |2-l2 of Figure 1.

In the drawings, referring particularly to Fig. 1, the motor is made up of two end members 20 and 2l similar in most respects, each being provided with a cored annular chamber 20A-2 IA into which lead conduits 20B-2 IB. Each is provided in its inner face with a seat 20C- ZIO for a flow directing plate to be particularly described later and each is provided with lugs 20D- 21D and bolts or screws by means of which they may be xed together, a Suitable gasket being used to prevent leakage. Each of the members is provided also with a seat 20E-21E in its outer face around the central opening for the shaft 22. The shaft 22 traverses members 20 and 2l and the inner end thereof is supported in a suitable bearing 22A mounted ina cap 22B xed upon the seat 2IE. The shaft extends through member 20, being supported therein in a suitable bearing 22C and surrounded by an oil seal 22D xed upon seat 20E. The bearing 22C and oil seal being maintained in place by the plate 23.

'The extended end of shaft 22 is adapted inl any suitable fashion for power take-od.

Each of the members 20 and 2|. is as-stated :above provided with a seat 20C--2IC for a ow directing plate. Ihese ow directing plates indicated at 24 and 25 are shown in detail in Figs. 4 to '7 inclusive, the two plates being identical, but when in position, become right and left Each consists of a thick disc portion 24A provided with a centrall opening 24B surrounded on one face of the disc by a hub portion or ange 24C, internally threaded near its end. Each has in its outer, or hub face, an annular channel 24D. Each has cut in'its inner'face near the periphery arcuate openings 24E and 24F arranged in pairs, the openings ME` being cut through to open into channel 24D and the openings 26E being' merely chambers.

Each is also providedwith' smaller openings near the central opening, these also` being arranged in pairs; of these, the openingsr 24G,.

the disc and extending -to the central opening 24B near the inner face of the disc where it opens to a narrow annular channel 24K. This passage is provided with `a checkvalve and located substantially midwayv between openings 24G and 24H.

Further, in the inner face of each of the discs there is provided a channel 24M connecting all of the openings 24G and 24H. AThis channel 24M is of capillary dimensions, preferably of the order of about a square 64th of. an inch.

The plates 24v and 25 are as stated above, seated in the end members 20 and 2| on the seats 20C and 21C and in faceto face relation with an opening 24E in one opposite a chamber 24F in the other. They are held, each in its end member by a suitablev nutl 26 externally threaded and coacting with the internal threads in openings 24B. Y,

Splined on shaft 22 and `arranged to rotate vbetween plates 2li-and 25 is. a,rotor 21,- this bea pair of hardened steel leaves 29A and 29B 0f.

equal dimensions and the oombinedthickness Y slightly less than the corresponding dimension of a slot 21B. Each of the leaves has three of 4 clamped betwen one of the rlow directing plates 24 and |25 and a suitable portion of one of the end members 12) and 12|. The inner ring 130B is held in place by means of a plate |24 or 125 and a ring member |35 fixed in an end member. This ring member 35 is shown in Fig. 11 to consist ofva perforated sheet metal ringprovided with outwardly extending projections iSiA adapted to contact the valve ring.

The structure of Fig. 3 functions in the same inannerasthat of Fig. 1.

In the'o'peration of the motor, assuming that oilunder pressure is being supplied to inlet ZIB .(Figl), the oilenters chamber 2 IA and, through its edges at one face beveled; and these beveled edges are placed together when assembling afpair so as to provide channels 29C at the lateral edges of a vane and a chamber 29D at one end, thisend Y being the outer end when the vane is assembled with the rotor 2l. 1 Surrounding the rotor 2l is a hardened steel v.ring l28 dimensioned ftoSDa-,Qe the plates 2li and -Ztso asta` afforda runningt tor'therotor vu2'1.

This-ling is. circulanand ..outwardly 'of `the same vsize as the .-.plates- .Mandy-2 5, its inner periphery yis,however,formed:to providea plurality of partly circularA sections lor. zonesro' which two. diametri- .cally :Opposite ones, 'indicated.at4 2BA, are Y'for-med ons. radius `oa lengthequalfto or slightly greater than the.;radius of.theroterrandlvaneswhen the latter zare kmoved to .their .inner position lin Athe .1 ..5 .if f* Between thezones 28A and diainetrically oppositefeach "otherare twozones 28B,.partiy=circular, of which ther-radius:isfsomewhatjgreater. .Each

90 in extent, andbtweenthemfthering Wallis slopednsshown atgzQ-.soas--to provide an easy .transition from., one zone to ,the next. Further,

parallel `Withrthe; zones 28A; through passages 12 8D areprouided in'thefring radiallyoutward of such Mounted lin iIch archers.328Ay :and 2 UiV and arranged to f. cover the .ichwnels .24D in the `plates Zlandoreyalve membersgiiiand'i i Each of vided witlr'tzfo 1. diametrically oppositely located `groups =oi openings :30B A.ande two small'. arcuate plate.. 3 QA and carry under-compression springs 353B. A.The valve members areso varranged nlthe chambers-120A and .2 I A'- as to open-under further compression oi springs-'i333 toward fthe `.rotor 421. The valvefmembers 38 Vand 3i arernaintained in position over the-channelsZD byA means otlight springs 32 of which there are a plurality equally spaced about the periphery oi the valve members,

Intherform of motorfindioatedin Figs, @and .11, the construction may be similartothat tust described but-a diierentfform of valve is shown.

`In this construction, the valves 30 and l3ifare `shown as :an-nuli ol rubberA or other suitable .flexible and resilient material. Each valve consistsof two vflat 1ringsl'BA and 1MB, one-within i the other with-their-adjaeentedges pressed tcgether;v Theserings-areso mounted-that the supportingl and lining` surfaces# at the finner face of the valve extend over more of the valve surface than do 4the snppertingsuraces on ythe outer tace f f" chamber rat the beginning of Zones 23B. With .therotation of the rotor thisfintervane Ioil is carried to the ends of the zones 23B and flows out through passages opposite chambers 2ftFin plate 2li opening the valveiagainst action of its springs 32.

While this action is'takingplace, some of the oil from `chairlber 21A ows through the inwardly opening valve controlling passage MJ in plate 25 yand. tothe annular chamber 'MK which lcom.-

municates along the rotor 'splines or throi.' gh suit- .-.ablesznall passages 2'FE 'with' the chamber 24K in plate 2d from Whic'hit cannot flow through the other valved passage" .25.1 since this also opens inwardly. However,l due tothe. clearances necessary topermit tree' rota'tiorifof the rotor, there is always a small oyv 'of oil from 2d@ to 26H and from chambers MK't outlets Zilli, since there is a largedropin pressure between these two points. There is also aminute'floiv through the channels 24M connecting allof the openings or chambers .MG and 24H. The effecto'f thisdireeting of the Aoil into thevane slots isfto maintain the pressure under the vanos.

As-.the .rotor `2?- -turns underV the influence of pressure huid entering passage 25E, the greatest ffpressurebetweenYanes will bebetween those in the positions V and X (see Fig. 12) and since moreof vane X is exposed thereto, the turning eiort will be in the direction of the arrow. As soon, Ehotsever, as thevane W has moved to the X position; :the pressure between vanes X and Y decreasesy and "there will be a still `further decrease 1lcettven Y andi Z; thisifinte'rvane pressure dropping to substantially zero'y as vane Z reaches the discharge'passage MF.;

' However; the yhigh intervene pressure would, unless prevented' from doing so; force the vanes down intotheslo'ts 27'Bi kSo meansis provided to prevent too fast'a' drdpfin pressure in the vane Islotsdue to leakage through the small clearances fat thef.side faces of the rotor and through the `rotor bearings Thismeansis -the means for supplying fluid underfpressure tothe annular chambers 24K and fthe smallgroove v2liM."n-The uidin chambers ,24Kroticourse .tends to form a' vcounterow againstthe rloW @outlfof the vane slots lWhile the groove 24M tends toequalize the pressures inthe slots at all=tirnes- In otherl Words, the vanes 29 must at all times be positively urged out against ring 28 but the high pressure should not be maintained because it is both unnecessary and objectionable except in zones 28B.

In the present construction the drop in pres-` sure in the vane slots substantially parallels the drop in pressure between the vanes but is maintained at a low point in zones 28A.

While the operation has been described with the assumption that iuid is introduced into chamber 21A, it is obvious that reversal of flow with introduction of fluid into chamber 29A will be accomplished in similar fashion since the two plates 24 and 25 and associated parts are identical.

The present application is a continuation in part of the subject matter of application Serial No. 715,181, led December 6, 1946, now Patent No. 2,521,997, granted September 12, 1950.

Now having described the invention and the preferred embodiment thereof, it is 'to be understood that said invention is to be limited, not to the specific details herein set forth and de scribed, but only by the scope of the claims which follow.

I claim:

1. A fluid pressure motor of the vane type comprising in combination a rotor having radial slots arranged in circular series adjacent its periphery, and sleeve-like hub extensions spaced radially inward from the inner ends of said slots; a housing comprising a ring spaced from and encircling said rotor, and having an inner contour adapted to cause said vanes to move radially and pass through alternate working and idle zones between the rotor and ring as the rotor turns, and side members which seal against the side faces of said rotor and the radial edges of the vanes and in which the hub like portions of the rotor are journaled, there being an annular groove encircling each hub like portion, said enclosing means having passages for supplying fluid under pressure from a common source to the nter-vane spaces in the working Zones, to the slots at the inner ends of the vanes and to said annular grooves; and pressuredifferentiating means for reducing the pressure of liquid delivered to said inter-vane spaces as compared with the pressure of liquid delivered to said slots and to the grooves whereby leakage from the inter-vane spaces is resisted by the superior iluid pressure in the slots, and the escape of liquid from the slots along said hub like portions is resisted by the liquid under pressure admitted to said grooves and serving to supply such leakage along the hub-like portions as can occur.

2. In a uid actuated motor of the vane type having a rotor chamber, arranged to provide a plurality of arcuate active driving zones and a plurality of arcuate intermediate idle zones, a rotor in said chamber, said rotor being provided with radially arranged slots and with radially slidable vanes in said slots, and means for introducing fluid under pressure at the beginning of said driving zones and simultaneously to said slots under said vanes, said introducing means consisting of arcuate passages substantially coinciding with the arc of transition from a driving to an idle zone, the passages leading to said slots being connected to each other by a passage of capillary size.

3. In a vane type iiud motor, a slotted rotor with substantially radially movable vanes in said slots, a pair of iiow directing plates adjacent said rotor and provided with passages leading to the intervane spaces and with other passages` leading to said slots under said vanes, said plates also provided with an annular channel in that face away from said rotor and open to the iirst mentioned passages, a housing for said rotor and plates and consisting of end members each provided with an annular uid chamber, one of said chambers consitituting a fluid inlet and the other a fluid outlet, and a valve member in each of said chambers, said valve member consisting of an annular plate adapted to open and close the annular channel in a flow directing plate, each of said annular plates being provided with a spring actuated valve opening toward said channel, and spring means resisting the movement of said annular plate away from said channel.

OSCAR E. ROSAEN.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 715,722 Womer Dec. 9, 1902 1,048,453 Holt Dec. 24, 1912 1,943,578 Bigelow et al. Jan. 16, 1934 1,965,388 Ott July 3, 1934 2,357,333 Kendrick et al. Sept. 5, 1944 2,386,898 Karassik Oct. 16, 1945 2,393,223 Rosen Jan. l5, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 568,593 Germany Jan. 20, 1933 

